Amazon Web Services (AWS) - (Interview Ask Questions and Answers)
#1.What is EC2?
Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) is a web service provided by Amazon Web Services (AWS) that allows users to rent virtual computing resources, also known as instances, in the cloud. These instances are essentially virtual servers that can be configured to run a variety of operating systems and applications, and they can be launched or terminated on demand.
EC2 instances are highly scalable, allowing users to easily add or remove instances based on their computing needs. Additionally, users only pay for the resources they consume, which can include CPU, memory, storage, and network bandwidth.
EC2 is a core component of AWS and is widely used by businesses and individuals for a variety of purposes, including web hosting, data processing, machine learning, and more.
#2.What is SnowBall?
There are different things that could be referred to as "Snowball," so here are a few possibilities:
1.Snowball sampling: A research method in which existing study participants recruit additional participants from their social networks. This technique is often used in studies where it is difficult to access a specific population, and can help researchers gain access to a wider range of participants.
2.Snowball Earth: A hypothesis that proposes that the Earth was almost entirely covered in ice during at least two episodes in the past 2.4 billion years. This theory suggests that the Earth's climate underwent a dramatic shift, causing glaciers to spread and leading to a self-reinforcing cycle of cooling that ultimately resulted in the "snowball" state.
3.Snowball the cockatoo: A viral video sensation featuring a cockatoo named Snowball who dances to music. Snowball has been studied by researchers to better understand how animals can synchronize their movements to a beat.
4.Snowball algorithm: A machine learning algorithm used to cluster data. The algorithm iteratively assigns data points to clusters based on their similarity to a cluster center, until the cluster assignments no longer change.
Without more context, it's difficult to determine which Snowball you're referring to.
#3.What is CloudWatch?
Amazon CloudWatch is a monitoring service provided by Amazon Web Services (AWS) that allows you to collect and track metrics, collect and monitor log files, and set alarms for your AWS resources.
CloudWatch can monitor resources such as Amazon EC2 instances, Amazon RDS DB instances, Amazon EMR clusters, and custom metrics generated by your applications and services. It can also monitor and analyze logs generated by your applications and resources.
With CloudWatch, you can set alarms to be notified when certain thresholds are reached, view graphs and statistics of your resource utilization, and gain insights into the performance and health of your applications and services running on AWS. CloudWatch can also integrate with other AWS services to provide a complete monitoring and management solution for your cloud infrastructure.
#4.What is Elastic Transcoder?
Elastic Transcoder is a cloud-based media transcoding service provided by Amazon Web Services (AWS). It allows you to convert media files (audio and video) from their source format to a variety of output formats that are optimized for playback on different devices and platforms.
With Elastic Transcoder, you can create transcoding jobs that specify the source file, the output formats and codecs, and the destination bucket where the transcoded files will be stored. You can also configure various parameters such as resolution, bit rate, frame rate, and audio sample rate to ensure that the output files meet your specific requirements.
Elastic Transcoder is scalable and highly available, which means that you can use it to transcode large numbers of files simultaneously and have them delivered quickly and reliably. It integrates with other AWS services such as Amazon S3, Amazon CloudFront, and AWS Lambda, and provides a simple API and console interface for managing your transcoding jobs.
#5.What do you understand by VPC?
VPC stands for Virtual Private Cloud, which is a virtual network infrastructure used by cloud computing services to provide a private, isolated network environment in the public cloud.
In simple terms, VPC enables users to create their own private virtual network within a public cloud infrastructure such as Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, or Google Cloud Platform (GCP). This virtual network operates like a traditional on-premises network, with its own IP address range, subnets, and security policies.
VPCs are highly configurable, allowing users to define their own network topology, routing, and security rules. By using VPC, users can isolate their resources from the public internet and control access to their applications and data. This improves security, reduces the risk of data breaches, and enhances the overall performance and reliability of cloud-based applications.
#6.DNS and Load Balancer Services come under which type of Cloud Service?
DNS (Domain Name System) and Load Balancer Services are typically considered as part of the Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) layer of cloud services.
IaaS refers to the provision of virtualized computing resources over the internet, such as virtual machines, storage, network components, and other fundamental computing resources. DNS and Load Balancer Services are often provided as part of IaaS offerings by cloud providers.
However, it is important to note that DNS and Load Balancer Services can also be provided as part of Platform as a Service (PaaS) or Software as a Service (SaaS) offerings depending on the specific cloud service provider and their service offerings.
#7.What are the Storage Classes available in Amazon S3?
Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service) offers various storage classes to help customers optimize their costs and meet their specific data storage needs. The available storage classes in Amazon S3 are:
1.S3 Standard: This is the default storage class, and it's designed for frequently accessed data. S3 Standard provides low latency and high throughput performance. It's suitable for use cases such as big data analytics, mobile and gaming applications, content distribution, and backup and recovery.
2.S3 Intelligent-Tiering: It's suitable for data with unknown or changing access patterns. S3 Intelligent-Tiering can help optimize costs by automatically moving data to the most cost-effective access tier.
3.S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA): It's suitable for use cases such as disaster recovery, backups, and long-term storage. S3 Standard-IA has lower storage costs but higher retrieval costs compared to S3 Standard.
4.S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA): This storage class is similar to S3 Standard-IA, but the data is stored in a single Availability Zone, which means there is a higher risk of data loss in the event of an Availability Zone outage. S3 One Zone-IA is suitable for data that can be recreated easily and is not critical.
5.S3 Glacier: This storage class is designed for data archiving and long-term storage. It provides very low storage costs but higher retrieval costs and longer retrieval times compared to other storage classes. S3 Glacier is suitable for use cases such as compliance and regulatory requirements, healthcare records, and financial data.
6.S3 Glacier Deep Archive: This storage class is designed for data archiving and long-term storage with very low retrieval frequency. It provides the lowest storage costs but has the highest retrieval costs and longest retrieval times among all the storage classes. S3 Glacier Deep Archive is suitable for use cases such as digital preservation, scientific research, and media archives.
#8.Explain what T2 instances are?
T2 instances are a type of Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) instance that provides a cost-effective option for running applications in the cloud. T2 instances are designed to provide a baseline level of CPU performance with the ability to burst above the baseline when needed, making them ideal for applications that have occasional spikes in CPU usage.
The "T" in T2 stands for "burstable performance," which means that the instance can accumulate CPU credits over time and then use those credits to burst above the baseline performance level for short periods of time. When the instance is not using its CPU credits, it runs at the baseline level, which is a lower cost option compared to instances that run at a consistent high level of performance.
T2 instances come in different sizes, ranging from small instances with one virtual CPU (vCPU) and 1 GB of memory, to large instances with 8 vCPUs and 32 GB of memory. They can be used for a wide range of applications, including web servers, small databases, and development and testing environments.
#9.What is auto-scaling?
Auto-scaling is a feature provided by Amazon Web Services (AWS) that automatically adjusts the computing resources available to a particular application or service in response to changes in demand. This ensures that the application or service is always running at an optimal level of performance, regardless of the amount of traffic or workload it is experiencing.
Auto-scaling works by monitoring metrics such as CPU utilization, network traffic, and request rates, and then automatically adding or removing instances of the application or service as needed to maintain a certain level of performance. For example, if the demand for a particular application increases, auto-scaling will automatically add more instances to handle the increased load. Conversely, if the demand decreases, auto-scaling will remove instances to reduce costs.
Auto-scaling can be used in conjunction with other AWS services such as Elastic Load Balancing and Amazon CloudWatch to provide a highly scalable and resilient infrastructure for applications and services.
#10.What is geo-targeting in CloudFront?
Geo-targeting in CloudFront is a feature that allows you to customize the delivery of your content based on the geographic location of your users. With geo-targeting, you can create multiple versions of your content and specify which version should be delivered to users in different geographic locations.
For example, you can create a different version of your website for users in the United States and users in Europe. The US version can contain pricing in USD and shipping information for US customers, while the European version can contain pricing in Euros and shipping information for European customers.
To implement geo-targeting in CloudFront, you can use CloudFront's geolocation feature. This feature uses the IP address of the user's device to determine their geographic location. You can create CloudFront distributions that are configured to serve different content based on the user's location.
Geo-targeting can improve the user experience by delivering content that is more relevant to the user's location and can also help you to comply with local laws and regulations.
#11.What are the steps involved in a CloudFormation Solution?
CloudFormation is a service offered by Amazon Web Services (AWS) that allows you to create and manage AWS resources using templates. Here are the steps involved in a CloudFormation solution:
1.Define requirements: Identify the AWS resources that your application needs, and determine the dependencies between them. This will help you to create a clear and comprehensive CloudFormation template.
2.Create a CloudFormation template: A CloudFormation template is a JSON or YAML file that defines the AWS resources and their configurations. The template should include all of the resources that your application needs, such as EC2 instances, load balancers, databases, and security groups. You can also use CloudFormation templates to define custom resources, which allow you to include non-AWS resources in your stack.
3.Validate the CloudFormation template: Use the CloudFormation console or the AWS CLI to validate your CloudFormation template. This will ensure that the template is well-formed and doesn't contain any errors.
4.Create a CloudFormation stack: Use the CloudFormation console or the AWS CLI to create a stack from your CloudFormation template. This will create all of the resources specified in the template and configure them according to your specifications.
5.Monitor the stack: Once your CloudFormation stack is created, you can monitor its status and view any events or errors that occur during the creation process. You can also monitor the performance of your AWS resources using CloudWatch metrics.
6.Update or delete the stack: If you need to make changes to your AWS resources, you can update the CloudFormation template and create a new stack. Alternatively, you can delete the stack and create a new one from scratch.
#12.What is AWS and why it is used?
AWS (Amazon Web Services) is a cloud computing platform that provides a wide range of services and solutions to help individuals and businesses build, deploy, and manage their applications and infrastructure in the cloud.
It offers a broad range of services, including computing, storage, networking, database, analytics, machine learning, artificial intelligence, security, and more. AWS is used by millions of customers worldwide, including startups, enterprises, and government agencies, to run their applications and services with increased scalability, reliability, and security.
AWS allows users to access computing resources on-demand, paying only for what they use, and scale up or down as needed, without worrying about the underlying infrastructure. This allows businesses to focus on their core competencies, while AWS manages the underlying infrastructure, providing a cost-effective, scalable, and secure way to run applications and services in the cloud.
#13.What is AWS in simple words?
AWS (Amazon Web Services) is a cloud computing platform offered by Amazon. In simple words, it provides various services that allow individuals and businesses to store data, run applications, and access computing resources over the internet, without the need to invest in and maintain their own physical servers and infrastructure. AWS offers a wide range of services, including computing, storage, databases, analytics, and machine learning, among others, that can be used to build and deploy applications at scale, with high availability and reliability. Users pay only for the resources they use, on a pay-as-you-go basis, which makes it a cost-effective solution for businesses of all sizes.
#14.What is AWS and its types?
AWS (Amazon Web Services) is a cloud computing platform provided by Amazon. It offers a wide range of services that allow individuals and organizations to build and deploy various types of applications and services in the cloud.
Here are some of the main types of AWS services:
1.Compute Services: This includes Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2), which provides virtual machines on demand, as well as Elastic Container Service (ECS), Lambda, and Batch.
2.Storage Services: AWS offers a range of storage services such as Simple Storage Service (S3), Elastic Block Store (EBS), Elastic File System (EFS), and Glacier.
3.Database Services: AWS provides a range of database services such as Relational Database Service (RDS), DynamoDB, ElastiCache, and Neptune.
4.Networking Services: AWS networking services include Virtual Private Cloud (VPC), Elastic Load Balancing (ELB), Route 53, and Direct Connect.
5.Security and Identity Services: AWS offers security and identity services such as Identity and Access Management (IAM), Key Management Service (KMS), and Certificate Manager.
6.Management and Monitoring Services: AWS provides management and monitoring services such as CloudWatch, CloudFormation, CloudTrail, and Systems Manager.
7.Application Services: AWS offers application services such as Simple Queue Service (SQS), Simple Notification Service (SNS), Simple Workflow Service (SWF), and Step Functions.
These services are designed to be highly scalable, flexible, and cost-effective, allowing users to quickly and easily build and deploy applications in the cloud.
#15.What is AWS in code?
AWS stands for Amazon Web Services, which is a cloud computing platform provided by Amazon. In code, AWS can refer to the AWS SDKs (Software Development Kits) that allow developers to interact with AWS services programmatically in a variety of programming languages.
For example, if you're using Python, you can install the AWS SDK for Python (Boto3) and use it to create an EC2 instance:
import boto3 # Create EC2 client ec2 = boto3.client('ec2') # Launch an EC2 instance instance = ec2.run_instances( ImageId='ami-0c55b159cbfafe1f0', InstanceType='t2.micro', KeyName='my-key-pair', MinCount=1, MaxCount=1 )
This code uses the Boto3 SDK to create an EC2 client and launch an EC2 instance using the specified parameters. AWS SDKs are available for a wide range of programming languages, including Java, .NET, Node.js, PHP, Ruby, and more.
#16.What is AWS method?
AWS stands for Amazon Web Services, which is a cloud computing platform provided by Amazon. AWS offers a wide range of services, including computing, storage, databases, analytics, machine learning, and more, that are available on-demand and can be accessed over the internet.
The AWS method refers to the way in which businesses and developers can use AWS to build, deploy, and manage their applications and services in the cloud. This method involves using a range of AWS tools and services, such as Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2), Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3), Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS), and Amazon Lambda, to create scalable and reliable applications and services that can be accessed by users from anywhere in the world.
The AWS method is based on a pay-as-you-go pricing model, where users only pay for the services they use, without having to invest in expensive hardware or infrastructure. This makes it easier and more cost-effective for businesses and developers to build and deploy their applications and services, and to scale them up or down as needed, without having to worry about the underlying infrastructure.
#17.Which tool is used in AWS?
There are many tools and services available in Amazon Web Services (AWS), which is a cloud computing platform that provides various infrastructure services, including computing power, storage options, and networking capabilities. Here are some commonly used AWS tools:
1.EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud): A virtual machine service that allows users to launch and manage instances of virtual servers in the cloud.
2.S3 (Simple Storage Service): A scalable and durable object storage service that allows users to store and retrieve data in the cloud.
3.RDS (Relational Database Service): A managed database service that allows users to set up and operate relational databases in the cloud.
4.Lambda: A serverless compute service that enables users to run code without provisioning or managing servers.
5.CloudFront: A content delivery network that accelerates the delivery of static and dynamic web content, such as images, videos, and applications.
6.IAM (Identity and Access Management): A service that enables users to manage access to AWS resources securely.
These are just a few examples of the many tools and services available in AWS.
#18.What is AWS format?
There are several formats and protocols that are commonly used in conjunction with AWS services. For example, AWS S3 (Simple Storage Service) supports multiple data formats, including JSON, CSV, and Parquet. AWS Lambda, a serverless computing service, supports several programming languages, including Python, Node.js, and Java.
If you could provide more information about what specific AWS service or format you are referring to, I can try to provide a more detailed answer.
#19.Is AWS a tool or framework?
AWS (Amazon Web Services) is a cloud computing platform that provides a wide range of tools and services for building and deploying applications and managing IT infrastructure. It is not strictly a tool or framework, but rather a comprehensive set of services and tools that can be used to build, deploy, and manage a wide range of applications and services.
AWS offers a variety of services, including compute, storage, database, analytics, machine learning, security, and more. These services can be used individually or in combination to create customized solutions to meet specific business needs. Additionally, AWS offers a range of tools to help developers and IT professionals manage their infrastructure, including tools for monitoring, deployment, and automation.
